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About the organisation



Introduction

Modern Telecommunications network plays a key role in today's world and are required to be continuously operated even in the most adverse conditions. The Engineering Electrical Services in the buildings housing modern telecommunications network must perform to an exceptional degree of reliability so as to ensure that there are no breakdowns in the telecommunications system. The safety and well being of both the buildings , human inhabitants and its material contents including telecom equipment depend on the smooth and reliable operation of various Electro-mechanical services.

Electrical Divisions came into existence in the erstwhile P&T department in 1963 to cater to the need for undertaking infrastructure electrical and mechanical works inhouse rather than sourcing it from CPWD as per earlier practice. With bifurcation of P&T, the Electrical unit remained with DOT and with the Corporatisation, the Electrical unit has become part of BSNL.

The Electrical Wing of BSNL is responsible for carrying out original and maintenance works of following electro-mechanical services in BSNL/ Telecom/ Administrative Buildings and residential quarters.

  • Electrical Sub-stations
  • Engine Alternator Sets
  • Airconditioning Installations
  • Internal EI and Fans
  • Water Pump Sets
  • Fire Detection and Fire Fighting System
  • Lifts
  • Lightening Protection

With the liberalization and opening of telecom sector to Private companies, the electrical unit is ready and equipped for its comprehensive role for optimizing the electro-mechanical services and minimizing the energy cost. The electrical consumption alone, accounts for around 20% of total operating cost and it is necessary that energy audit is conducted at regular intervals. This will further assume greater importance in the coming years as power supply gets privatized and competition to BSNL becomes effective.

The strength of Electrical units, lies in its specialized manpower , who can undertake Energy Surveys and Energy audits. Energy Surveys comprises of two Parts:

    (i) Saving on account of power factor that includes the contractive demand vs the actual, the tariff charge and the multiplying factor in the bill.

    (ii) Saving by way of optimum design layout and the equipment used. The Electrical unit is best equipped to handle this task.

With the increase emphasizes on energy conservation , the Electrical Engineers are required to introduce systems/ equipment for controlling , the quality of power and for automation of Electro-mechanical services with remote connectivity. Stringent quality Electro-mechanical items are required for energy conservation. Many products available in the market may have to be upgraded by continuous interaction with manufacturers. The Electro-Mechanical items used in a Telecom Building are mostly manufactured by Indian manufacturers, whereas exchange equipment is being imported or manufactured by many International giants. Thus, Quality of Electro-Mechanical items manufactured by local industry has to match with exchange equipment of international standards so that there is no mismatch between the Quality of Exchange equipment and Electro-mechanical items. This requires quality improvement at the manufacturing stage itself. Factory visits, testing and Inspection have to be done on continuous basis for improvement of quality. The specialized manpower available with the electrical unit is in a position to play a dominant role on the above.

The Electrical unit also undertakes the following professional activities:

  • Updating the specifications of various electro-mechanical works.
  • Introduction of new and latest technology.
  • Performance evaluation of various contracts.
  • Inventory control and material management.
  • Standardisation of Products.

Vision

Electrical Wing, BSNL aspires to be one of the best functional units in the country and considers this as an achievable goal. All its members are committed to strive for and to ensure that electrical services perform to an exceptional degree of reliability.

Mission

Energy conservation, System Optimisation, Quality, Speed and Economy in Electrical and Mechanical Services.

Customer Needs

  • Installation of Electro-Mechanical services to match SSAs'/ admn units' requirements particularly for installation of exchanges.
  • Availability of electro-mechanical services at optimum level on continuous basis.

Electrical Units Organisational Requirements

Optimum utilization of electrical unit capacity to add value to the telecom system by executing electro-mechanical works on demand with quality speed and economy. This can be done by :

  • Understanding the requirement of Telecom System and their environment.
  • Working productively on the creation of the most suitable financial solution.
  • Offering and facilitating access to the wealth of knowledge and expertise available in Electrical group for meeting operational and developmental requirement.

Regulatory Requirements

Electrical Wing is a functional unit of BSNL. It shall function under rules and guidelines issued by BSNL which is the regulatory authority for electrical unit. The electrical services are to be provided as per the regulatory requirement of Indian Electricity Rules , Pollution Control guidelines and Energy Conservation Act 2001.

Quality Policy

Electrical Wing, BSNL avows to provide electro-mechanical services with Quality , speed and economy to all its customers and to ensure their continuous and reliable operation. We are committed to deliver defect free electrical services and will continuously improve our processes to meet the need to our customers.

Quality Objectives

  • Original Electro-mechanical works :

    • To work hard to provide quality electro-mechanical services, on time, so as to meet the customer's requirement.
    • To make efforts through a constant dialogue with suppliers and involving of People at all level to remove all possible irritants during the execution of works. Our endeavour should be to achieve the above quality objective. Action should be taken in case of any deviation.
    • To meet the BSNL Exchange Commissioning Programmes - Information to be sent to respective CE[E] for Exchanges where the equipment is received or likely to be received within 15 days but electrical works not completed/ not likely to be completed.Acceptance testing shall be done for all works and relaxations, if any, shall be obtained from CE[E] / concerned CGM.
    • For Administrative Buildings and Staff Quarters- Cases to be reported to CE[E] where electrical works are not likely to be completed alongwith building and buildings/ quarters not occupied due to non-completion of electrical works.

  • Maintenance of Electromechanical Services

    • To ensure reliable energy efficient and continuous operation and maintenance of electrical services by involving people at all level. To improve testing and checking procedures for electro-mechanical installations for their optimum operation and maintenance.
    • FOR ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS, STAFF QUARTERS & COLONIES: Electrical complaints not attended within 24 hours shall be reported to SE[E] and complaints pending for more than 48 hours shall be reported to CE[E].
    • FOR EXCHANGES: Complete failure of power supply / airconditioning system in Exchanges shall be reported immediately to SE[E] and failure of more than 4 hours shall be reported to CE[E].

      Other complaints in exchanges pending for more than 48 hours shall be reported to SE[E] and pending for more than 72 hours shall be reported to CE[E].

      Monthly MIS report shall be submitted by SE[E] to the CGM /CE[E].


Energy Conservation

To achieve energy efficiency of global standard by continuously improving the specifications, quality of products, conducting energy surveys and energy audits. As per the Energy Conservtion Act 2001,efforts are required for conservation of energy. Our First Year target is 5% reduction by 31.12.2002,by introducing energy efficient lightings, motors, reduction in airconditioning space, retrofittings and taking up Pilot Projects with non-conventional energy sources ie., Solar Power and natural gas.

Electrical Wing occupies an important position in terms of assets managed by the group and its share in BSNL's operating costs. It is managing assets worth Rs. 5000 crore, equivalent to eight percent of the assets of BSNL. Annual Electricity consumption is to the tune of Rs 1500 crore and maintenance of Electrical assets, Rs 225 crore, accounting for 25-30 percent of the operating costs of BSNL.

Presently the Electrical Wing is being headed by Sr. DDG(E) at the BSNL Headquarter. At the field level there are 12 Chief Engineers(E). These are at Guwahati, Calcutta, Lucknow, New Delhi, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Thiruvananthapuram The organisation details, The Physical and Financial achievements for the year 2000-2001 and upto date for the current year can be seen below.

Organisation Chart
Physical Achievements
Financial Achievements

Background Information in Detail

Electrical Engineers were inducted in the erstwhile Post and Telegraph Department in 1963 as a part of the Civil Wing created to meet the need for constructing additional buildings for the expanding operations. Prior to this, CPWD was undertaking this task but since the requirement was large and outsourcing was not the trend it made sense to do the infracture activities in-house.

On bifurcation of Posts and Telegraph Department the Electrical Engineers were attached with the Telecom Department and the Postal works were carried out by deputing the Electrical Engineers from Telecom to Postal. Similarly on creation of MTNL in the year 1986 all the electrical works of MTNL were carried out by CE(E), ND unit till March 2001 and thereafter exclusively by the Electrical Engineers posted in MTNL. On creation of BSNL, on 1/10/00, the Electrical Wing has been placed under the BSNL which is headed by the Sr. DDG(E). For handling cadre related issues, audit paras, energy conservation and other policy matters a DDG(E) is responsible at DoT Headquarter.

In 1991, the re-organisation of the group into P&T Building Works Services brought in an organised approach to their functioning. A position of Senior Deputy Director General (Sr. DDG) was created and the group handled technical and HRD issues. Also the group prepared it's own distinct annual plan and budget.

The P&T Building Services Works comprises of civil engineers, architects and electrical engineers. Until 1996, the three streams were working jointly and presenting a single budget and a common MR plan. Realising the distinct nature of their work and skill sets the Telecom Commission (TC) issued an order directing the three wings to work independent of each other. Each wing is to report to the Chief General Managers (CGM)1 at the field level and the Member Production at the Head Quarters.

The Electrical Wing (EW) is composed of technical personnel and was responsible for designing and planning of electrical installations in all the new locations and existing locations. Since late 1980's the officials started realising that besides new works the EW is better equipped to handle the operation and maintenance (O&M) also. The official notification to this effect came in 1989 when the TC issued an order directing the EW to take the responsibility of maintenance work under the overall supervision of the CGM. Since then the progress has been steady though not heartening as the existing manpower in the group has not been increased to commensurate with the additional responsibilities. where the issue of passing on maintenance to the EW is again emphasized.

Presently the EW is managing the maintenance contracts for eight states covering almost 100 percent of their urban exchanges. This accounts for almost one third of the total maintenance work in the country. Besides maintenance the group has also conducted energy surveys in all major exchanges. The group is also instrumental in introducing new technologies towards better supply of power and savings in energy.

The electrical assets are valued at over Rs 5,000 crore (replacement cost). These assets have been growing at 20 percent annually. Maintenance of the electrical assets is budgeted at four to six percent of the asset value which implies, atleast Rs 225 crore worth of maintenance every year. Presently the EW is undertaking maintenance worth Rs 75 crore i.e. approximately one third of the total maintenance budget. The growth in maintenance work undertaken by the EW has increased from Rs 16 crore in FY 1995 to Rs 75 crore in FY 2000, reflecting an annual increasing of 35 percent.

Capacity added in the decade for AC plants, sub stations and standby generator sets is given below

Year AC Plants (Tonne) Substations (KVA) Standby Generators (KVA)
FY 1992-93 6,500 40,000 31,000
FY 1993-94 9,460 59,270 54,710
FY 1994-95 11,000 70,000 65,000
FY 1995-96 11,681 72,622 90,653
FY 1996-97 13,684 75,189 100,282
FY 1997-98 14,080 77,901 129,857
FY1998-99 21,616 66,303 150,109
FY1999-00 29,304 93,216 220,728
FY 2000-01 41,758 93,000 237,744
FY 2001-02 11,811 69,503 256,346


The table above reflects that perhaps EW is the largest buyer of AC plants and standby gensets of small capacity.

Operation and Maintenance of Electrical Assets

O&M of the electrical assets is being outsourced to third parties, which is an international practice. Economically also it is justified that specialist agencies do this task as they can undertake it at much lower cost with better quality. In India this is further justified since the number of locations are very large and geographically spread out. However, management of the O&M contracts has to be undertaken in-house. Until 1990's the telecom engineers with the aid of electrical engineers were doing this. Since the Telecom Commission order EW is increasingly taking up this work. This has been brought about, as the Telecom engineers neither had the time or the necessary skills to deal with these services to ensure efficient maintenance. Most of the time EW was called for in case of breakdown.

In India maintenance work assumes greater importance due to geographically spread out locations, rural areas, different kinds of exchanges and various kinds of services. There are about 27,000 exchanges in the country. High fluctuation in power necessitates adequate preventive maintenance. Also the equipment is not sturdy enough to sustain itself in the high pollution environment and frequent breakdowns.

Presently the management of O&M contracts by the EW is largely concentrated in the states of Haryana, Delhi, MP, Maharashtra, Orissa, WB, Gujarat and Rajasthan coverering over 80 percent of the electrical assets in these states. In other states, mainly break-down maintenance work is being done by the EW, regular maintenance is to be taken-over by the wing. Nationwide this accounts for almost one third of assets and about 30 % total maintenance works in the whole country. In these states Chief Engineer (CE), Electrical has the responsibility for executing and managing the maintenance contracts but the overall maintenance responsibility for a circle is that of the CGM. The CE reports to the CGM.

The EW has prepared exhaustive guideline on preparation of maintenance documents for Electromechanical works (April 1998) and maintenance schedule for electromechanical services (November 1999). These guidelines include following:

o Eligibility conditions for operation and maintenance contractors
o Contract outlines for each category of assets for both O&M and also AMC
o Guidelines for officers on the documents to be maintained at sites and recording of maintenance events
o Preventive maintenance and trouble shooting schedule for each category of assets The EW is responsible for managing the operations and maintenance for electrical items for urban exchanges, admin and residential complexes. However for rural exchanges, which are largely scattered all over the country the EW only manages the preventive and breakdown maintenance. The exchange staff does the operation, as the electrical items in such exchanges are relatively easy to handle and manage. Moreover the EW does not have sufficient staff to supervise the operations of these rural exchanges.

Introduction of new technology

Advancement in technology has necessitated continuous upgradation in technologies used for electrical assets. For example in AC equipment we have moved from central plants to water-cooled package units, then to air-cooled package units and now towards micro processor based units. In engines, we have introduced (RTUs) engines to cater to the huge demands of engines for small exchanges located in interiors of the country. In light fittings, from conventional fitting to mirror optics and now to compact fluorescent lamps. Until now the remote monitoring of health of equipments is restricted to telecom only. The power and aircon has also to be introduced for remote monitoring. This will go a long way in better maintenance and less outages. Hence remote monitoring systems need to be introduced.

The EW has recently finalised the new illumination levels in the switch rooms and ways and methods for achieving the same. This will result in considerable savings both in initial cost and energy costs of exchanges. It has also introduced microprocessor based AC units, lifts, and fire fighting equipment.

It is not only technologies that have to be upgraded from time to time but also design parameters, which have undergone a sea change from the past with introduction of new exchange equipment and AC systems. Humidifiers systems and heaters in AC systems are now irrelevant in electronic exchanges on account of high sensible load. The static pressure for air handling units was reduced from 50 mm to 35 mm as per the requirements of new electronic exchanges. All this has resulted in energy savings.

Also with more fragile electronic exchanges highly susceptible to power fluctuations, control devices have to be introduced to prevent surges and spikes in electric supply. More electronics is coming in to the traditional areas of electromechanical devices. Electronic chokes, microprocessor based controls etc. are becoming more reliable and desirable as they contribute towards energy saving as well as energy management. In India we have just started taking note of these developments and in the coming times these electronics will become an integral part of our electromechanical devices. Energy savers, surge protectors and harmonic suppressors are to be used to improve the quality of power supply. Many products available in the market need to be continuously upgraded by interaction with manufacturers as most of the telecom equipment is imported while the electrical equipment is sourced locally.

Since the electricity supply is erratic in the country particularly so in the rural and hilly areas, alternate energy sources need to be tapped. Internationally, solar energy has been tried and successfully used for small energy consumption stations. In India, this needs to be considered for remote regions such as J&K, Ladakh and North East and also for rural and desert areas. EW has started taking steps in this direction. In the past the department has provided solar panels for MARR systems mainly for providing Village Panchayat Telephones (VPT). This can be a more reliable source of power particularly for rural areas where supply is not available and erratic. However in the absence of proper design/installations, the solar system could not be used effectively. The EW needs to handle this task henceforth.

With introduction of new technologies the standard specifications, for equipment and design have to be reviewed and updated regularly and circulated to the respective officials to ensure compliance with the new standards.

Training

Training needs to be imparted regularly for both the new entrants in the EW and also for upgradation of skills of the existing officials.

As on date training facilities for EW exist at Advance Level Telecom Training Centre (ALTTC), Ghaziabad, Regional Telecom Training Centres (RTTCs) at Nagpur, Pune and Mysore. Here training is provided to officers freshly recruited as well as working in the EW. There is an exclusive faculty available for training electrical engineers in these institutions.

Class I officers at the level of Assistant Executive (AEE), recruited through UPSC and AE's are trained at ALTTC and Junior Engineers (JE) recruited on the basis of all India competitive examination are trained at the RTTCs. In addition to induction training, refresher courses are also conducted at all these places for the existing staff. During the year 1999-2000, approximately 400 Junior Engineers (Elect) and 200 Group A and B officers were imparted training. The training needs for electrical officers are continuously increasing in view of induction of new technologies.

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